Redis分布式缓存安装(单节点)
Redis官网:独立缓存服务器:IP:xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx安装环境:CentOS 6.6Redis 版本:redis-3.0(因为 Redis3.0 在集群和性能提升方面的特性,rc 版为正式版的候选版,请在安装时去官网选用最新版)
用户:root安装目录:/usr/local/redis下面我们针对于Redis安装做下详细的记录:编译和安装所需的包:# yum install gcc tcl提醒:下载 3.0 版 Redis(当前最新版 redis-3.0.0-rc5.tar.gz,请在安装时去官网选用最新版)# cd /usr/local/src# wgethttps://github.com/antirez/redis/archive/3.0.0-rc5.tar.gz提醒:此路径可以通过官网去下载目录copy创建安装目录:# mkdir /usr/local/redis解压:# tar -zxvf 3.0.0-rc5.tar.gz# mv redis-3.0.0-rc5 redis3.0# cd redis3.0安装(使用 PREFIX 指定安装目录):# make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis install安装完成后,可以看到/usr/local/redis 目录下有一个 bin 目录,bin 目录里就是 redis 的命令脚本:redis-benchmark redis-check-aof redis-check-dumpredis-cli redis-server将 Redis 配置成服务:按上面的操作步骤,Redis 的启动脚本为:/usr/local/src/redis3.0/utils/redis_init_script将启动脚本复制到/etc/rc.d/init.d/目录下,并命名为 redis# cp /usr/local/src/redis3.0/utils/redis_init_script/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis编辑/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis,修改相应配置,使之能注册成为服务:#vi/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis#!/bin/sh## Simple Redis init.d script conceived to work on Linux systems# as it does use of the /proc filesystem.REDISPORT=6379EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-serverCLIEXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-cliPIDFILE=/var/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pidCONF="/etc/redis/${REDISPORT}.conf"case "$1" in start) if [ -f $PIDFILE ] then echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed" else echo "Starting Redis server..." $EXEC $CONF fi ;; stop) if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ] then echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running" else PID=$(cat $PIDFILE) echo "Stopping ..." $CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown while [ -x /proc/${PID} ] do echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..." sleep 1 done echo "Redis stopped" fi ;; *) echo "Please use start or stop as first argument" ;;esac查看以上 redis 服务脚本,关注标为橙色的几个属性,做如下几个修改的准备:(1) 在脚本的第一行后面添加一行内容如下: #chkconfig: 2345 80 90 提醒:如果不添加上面的内容,在注册服务时会提示:service redis does notsupport chkconfig(2) REDISPORT 端口保持 6379 不变;(特别注意:端口名将与下面的配置文件名有关)(3) EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-server 改为 EXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server(4) CLIEXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli 改为 CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli(5) 配置文件设置:创建 redis 配置文件目录# mkdir /usr/local/redis/conf复制 redis 配置文件/usr/local/src/redis3.0/redis.conf到/usr/local/redis/conf目录并按端口号重命名为6379.conf# cp /usr/local/src/redis3.0/redis.conf/usr/local/redis/conf/6379.conf做了以上准备后,再对 CONF 属性作如下调整:CONF="/etc/redis/${REDISPORT}.conf"改为 CONF="/usr/local/redis/conf/${REDISPORT}.conf"(6) 更改 redis 开启的命令,以后台运行的方式执行:$EXEC $CONF & #“&”作用是将服务转到后面运行修改后的/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis 服务脚本内容为:#!/bin/sh#chkconfig: 2345 80 90## Simple Redis init.d script conceived to work on Linux systems# as it does use of the /proc filesystem.REDISPORT=6379EXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-serverCLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cliPIDFILE=/var/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pidCONF="/usr/local/redis/conf/${REDISPORT}.conf"case "$1" in start) if [ -f $PIDFILE ] then echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed" else echo "Starting Redis server..." $EXEC $CONF & fi ;; stop) if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ] then echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running" else PID=$(cat $PIDFILE) echo "Stopping ..." $CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown while [ -x /proc/${PID} ] do echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..." sleep 1 done echo "Redis stopped" fi ;; *) echo "Please use start or stop as first argument" ;;esac以上配置操作完成后,便可将 Redis 注册成为服务:# chkconfig --add redis防火墙中打开对应的端口# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables添加:-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport6379 -j ACCEPT重启防火墙:# service iptables restart修改 redis 配置文件设置:# vi /usr/local/redis/conf/6379.conf修改如下配置daemonize no 改为 daemonize yes备注:如果不改为yes,pid文件是不会生成,start、stop命令是不会生效的(依赖pid文件)pidfile /var/run/redis.pid 改为 pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid启动 Redis 服务# service redis start将 Redis 添加到环境变量中:# vi /etc/profile在最后添加以下内容:## Redis envexport PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/redis/bin使配置生效:# source /etc/profile当前可以直接使用 redis-cli 等 redis 命令了:# redis-cli关闭 Redis 服务# service redis stop提醒:默认情况下,Redis 开启安全认证,可以通过/usr/local/redis/conf/6379.conf 的 requirepass 指定一个验证密码